by Table of Contents
Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science
यहां, इस पोस्ट में, आपको ‘पशुपालन और पशु चिकित्सा विज्ञान’ का Syllabus मिलेगा जो Upsc Mains Exams का एक वैकल्पिक विषय है। यूपीएससी सिविल सेवा मेन्स परीक्षा में बैठने के लिए, आपको यूपीएससी मेन्स सिलेबस और परीक्षा पैटर्न के बारे में पूरी जानकारी होनी चाहिए।
PAPER-I
1. Animal Nutrition-
Food Energy and its partitioning within animals. Energy & its sources, metabolism, requirements for maintenance and production of meat, protein milk, eggs, and wool. Feeds as sources of energy and its evaluation.
- Trends in protein nutrition: sources of protein metabolism and its synthesis, availability of protein quantity and quality in relation to requirements. protein and its ratios in the ration. NPN compound.
- Major and Trace minerals: Minerals in animal diet: Sources, requirements, functions, and their relationship.Basic minerals nutrients including trace elements. Fed soluble and water-soluble vitamins.
- Vitamins, Hormones and Growth Stimulating, substances: Functions, sources, requirements, and interrelationship with minerals.Feed Additives.
- Advances in Ruminant Nutrition-Dairy Cattle: Nutrients and study of their metabolism with reference to milk production and its composition. Nutrient requirements for heifers, calves, dry and milking cows, and buffaloes. Limitations of different feeding systems. Swine Nutrition and Poultry Nutrition.
- Advances in Non-Ruminant Nutrition-Poultry-Nutrients and their metabolism with reference to meat, poultry, and egg production, Feed formulation, Nutrients requirements, and broilers at different ages.
- Advances in Non-Ruminant Nutrition-Swine-Nutrients and their metabolism with special reference to quality and growth of meat production, Feed formulation, and Nutrient requirement for baby-growing and finishing pigs
- Advances in Applied Animal Nutrition-A critical analysis, review, and evaluation of digestibility, feeding experiments, and balance studies. Study feeding standards and measures of food energy. Nutrition requirements for maintenance, growth, and production. Balanced rations.
- Conservation of Fodder: Feed Technology.Digestibility trials.
2. Animal Physiology :
- Growth and Animal Production: Study of Prenatal and postnatal growth, growth curves, measures of growth, maturation, factors affecting growth, conformation, body composition, and meat quality.Blood Constituents, Circulation, Respiration.Excretion, Blood Constituents, Circulation, Respiration.Excretion, Endocrine glands.
- Milk Production and Reproduction and Digestion: Current status of hormonal control of mammary development, milk ejection, and milk secretion. Female and Male reproduction organs, their components, and function. Digestive organs and their functions.
- Environmental Physiology: Physiological relations and their regulation; mechanisms of adaptation, regulatory mechanism and environmental factors affecting animal behavior, ways of controlling climatic stress.
- Semen quality: Preservation and concept of Artificial Insemination-All Components of semen, chemical and physical properties of ejaculated semen, the composition of spermatozoa, and factors affecting semen in vitro and in vivo. Factors affecting semen production and quality preservation, the composition of diluents, transport of diluted semen, and sperm concentration. Deep Freezing techniques in cows, swine and poultry, sheep and goats. Detection of estrus and time of insemination for better conception.
3. Livestock Production and Management :
- Commercial Dairy Farming-
Comparison of dairy farming in India with developed countries. Dairying under fixed farming and as specialized farming, Starting a dairy farm, economic dairy farming. Land and Capital requirement, organization of the dairy farm. Procurement of goods; factors determining the efficiency of dairy animals, opportunities in dairy farming, Herd recording, cost of milk production; pricing policy; budgeting, and Personnel Management. Developing Practical and Economic ration for dairy cattle; field and fodder requirements of Dairy Farm, supply of greens throughout the year Feeding regimes for day and young stock and bulls, heifers animals and breeding animals, new trends in feeding young and adult stock; Maintaining Feeding Records.
2. Commercial meat, egg, and wool production: Development of practical and economic rations for sheep, goats, rabbits, pigs, and poultry. Supply of greens, fodder, and feeding regimens for young and mature stock. New trends in increasing production and management. Capital and land requirements and socio-economic concept.
3. Feeding and management of animals under flood, drought, and other natural calamities.
4. Genetics and Animal Breeding :
Study of Meiosis and Mitosis; Mendelian inheritance; deviations to Mendelian genetics; Expression of genes; Linkage and crossing over; sex influenced and sex-limited characters, Sex determination; Chromosome aberrations; Blood groups and polymorphism; Gene and its structure; DNA as a genetic material; Genetic code and protein synthesis; Recombinant DNA technology, Mutations & types of mutations, methods for detecting mutations and calculation of mutation rate.
1. Population Genetics Applied to Animal Breeding: Qualitative Vs Quantitative traits; Hardy Weinberg Law; Individual Vs Population; Gene and genotypic frequency; Forces affecting gene frequency; Random drift and small populations; Inbreeding, Theory of path; methods of estimating inbreeding coefficient, systems of inbreeding; Breeding value, Effective population size; estimation of breeding value, dominance and epistatic deviation; partitioning of variation; Genotype X environment correlation and genotype X environment interaction; Resemblance between relatives. The role of multiple measurements.
2. Breeding Systems: Heritability, repeatability, and genetic and phenotypic correlations, their methods of character. estimation and precision of estimates; Aids to selection and their relative merits; pedigree, Individual, family, and within-family selection; Progeny testing; Construction of selection indices and their uses, Methods of selection; Comparative evaluation of genetic gains through various selection methods; Indirect selection and Correlated response; Inbreeding, upgrading, cross-breeding, and synthesis of brees; Selection for general and specific combining ability, Crossing of inbred lines for commercial production; Breeding for threshold.
Extensions: Concept, scope, and philosophy. Technology Transfer. Animal Husbandry Programmes.
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